tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-41113923567635332572024-03-08T11:59:02.986-08:00Best custom writing Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.comBlogger234125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-18760244347459719682020-09-03T01:38:00.001-07:002020-09-03T01:38:12.609-07:00MULTINATIONAL CORP-EVOL & CUR ISSUE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2Global CORP-EVOL and CUR ISSUE - Essay Example (GOOG), Amazon (AMZN) and PowerShares QQQ Trust Series 1 (QQQ). This report involves an exchange including 500 amounts of Google shares, 10000 amount of Amazon and 1,000 amount of PowerShares Trust Series 1. Google Inc. is a worldwide innovation organization that for the most part centers around zones, for example, promoting, working frameworks and stages, venture and equipment items. Its primary wellspring of income is online notice. By the end of business on April 06, 2014 @ 3:59:59 PM, 500 portions of Google Inc. were selling at $545.25. This came about to a measure of 573,000. The purchasing cost of Google Inc. value was $545 at a money/trade of USD/1.00. It is important that cost paid is cited in the cash of the securityââ¬â¢ trade while the purchasing powers change and exchange sum are cited in the money of the portfolio. According to the beginning of the business day seventh April 2014, the offer cost for Google Inc. remained at $539.31 speaking to a value change of $-5.94 (- 1.09%). At the current market value, purchasing 500 portions of Google Inc. will cost me 272,500. Selling a similar amount will get me a compensation of 273,135 consequently making a benefit proportional to $635. The gainfulness idea of the Googleââ¬â¢s shares make persuaded me to purchase the portfolio. Amazon.com serves buyers through its retail sites and spotlight on determination, cost, and accommodation. It offers programs that empower dealers to sell their items through the companyââ¬â¢s sites. Amazon offers its clients the most reduced costs every day item estimating and delivering offers. The last purchasing cost for Amazon.com is $320.22 rather than the current cost of $320.52. The 52-week high is $408.06 while the 52-week low is $245.75. Passing by the past value, the assessed cost for 10,000 offers will be $ 3,203,310.00. The last selling of Amazon stock is $320.68 speaking to 187,268 volumes. Considering this selling value, the evaluated cost remains at 3,197,090.00. This speaks to a salary gain Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-37120953791874599612020-08-22T17:43:00.001-07:002020-08-22T17:43:10.893-07:00History of Coca-Cola EssayCoca-Cola is a carbonated soda pop sold in stores, cafés, and candy machines globally. The Coca-Cola Company asserts that the refreshment is sold in excess of 200 nations. [l] It is delivered by The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, Georgia, and is regularly alluded to just as Coke (an enrolled trademark of The Coca-Cola Company in the United States since March 27, 1944). Initially planned as a patent medication when it was designed in the late nineteenth century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was purchased out by agent Asa Griggs Candler, whose showcasing strategies drove Coke to its predominance of the world soda pop market all through the twentieth century. The organization produces concentrate, which is then offered to authorized Coca-Cola bottlers all through the world. The bottlers, who hold regionally selective agreements with the organization, produce completed item in jars and jugs from the pack in mix with sifted water and sugars. The bottlers at that point sell, circulate and erchandise Coca-Cola to retail locations and candy machines. Such bottlers incorporate Coca-Cola Enterprises, which is the biggest single Coca-Cola bottler in North America and western Europe. The Coca-Cola Company additionally offers concentrate for soft drink wellsprings to significant eateries and food administration wholesalers. The Coca-Cola Company has, once in a while, presented other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most well-known of these is Diet Coke, with others including Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Diet Coke Caffeine-Free, Coca-Cola Cherry, Coca-Cola Zero, Coca-Cola Vanilla, and extraordinary releases with lemon, lime or espresso. Because of purchaser emphasis on a progressively common item, the organization is eliminating E211, or sodium benzoate, the questionable added substance utilized in Diet Coke and connected to DNA harm in yeast cells and hyperactivity in kids. The organization has expressed that it intends to expel E211 from its different items, including Sprite and Oasis, when an agreeable option is found Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-63770476399503016612020-08-21T15:24:00.001-07:002020-08-21T15:24:36.862-07:00College Essay Templates - Avoids Writing MistakesCollege Essay Templates - Avoids Writing MistakesWhen it comes to writing essays, many students are intimidated and avoid using proper essay templates. Many professors will test your ability to write well by giving you various different styles of essay topics, but not all of these topics are the same. They differ in the amount of detail that they contain, how they structure the information and even the types of information that is contained within them.Using a template can help you avoid some of the common pitfalls that students find themselves in when writing for their essays. If you are taking a class at a local college or university, chances are the professor will already have an outline for you to follow. Make sure that you do not make assumptions about what is expected from you.It is important that you learn how to deal with situations before hand but do not be too rigid. Write down your thoughts on a piece of paper and make a list of your tips on getting past any problems that you may encounter. Doing this can help you avoid mistakes and make the process of writing a good essay much easier.Start by writing out a topic list before you begin writing your college essays. Look for topics that are useful, yet do not make the topic list too long. One thing that you want to keep in mind is that the more time you spend on a topic, the more prepared you will be to write a great paper.It is important that you think about the style of the essay that you are going to write before you begin. Different styles of essay, especially if you take an upper level course such as history, will have different rules. You need to be sure that you have the right essay form down and not use any other style that does not fit the requirements.In some cases, the professor may actually have one type of writing and another type of writing that fit in with the requirements of the class. These types of topics might vary, depending on the professor. Do not be afraid to ask the professor if there is anything else that is different between the two.Make sure that you understand the goals of the class before you begin writing your college essays. If you want to write on your own, you might consider writing an essay on your own. By getting some practice on essays in class, you will be ready to take the course in the future.Taking notes on your own hand rather than being on a computer will help you become a better writer. The ideas will be fresh in your mind, but you will still be able to respond to questions in class as well. It is important that you be able to deal with each student individually and make sure that you present them in a way that will help you pass the class. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-81362999729137460462020-06-06T18:25:00.001-07:002020-06-06T18:25:03.821-07:00ââ¬ËLifeââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËDeathââ¬â¢ Upside Down in Harry Potter Series - Literature Essay Samples The theme of death in the Harry Potter series provides researchers with a substantial amount of material to absorb, as this topic is of great importance for understanding J.K. Rowlingââ¬â¢s message clearer. However, past critics concentrated predominantly on death as a form of sacrifice. This essay will look closely at terms of life and death, because they are not presented in their literal meanings in the books. What is meant by this is that boundaries between life and death in Harry Potter series seem blurred; ââ¬Å"ââ¬Ëdead and alive are not mutually exclusive antonyms in Rowlingââ¬â¢s books; there are fine nuances for determining whether someone is genuinely dead.ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢[1] The fact that a person dies does not necessarily imply that this person is gone forever. Sometimes characters are able to find life in death, and sometimes those who are theoretically alive can be considered as dead people. To support this thesis, two groups of characters will be examined: firstly ââ¬âVoldemort (mostly) and his subordinates ââ¬â Death Eaters; secondly ââ¬â Harry Potter and his supporters. It is needed to be said that this essay will not be focused on one particular book; it includes the whole series at once as the theme of death is evolving from one book to another. First and foremost, Voldemorts image seems very significant concerning life and death in Harry Potter. Hasten to remark that he was already dead before, at least can be considered dead. In the first book Harry Potter and the Philosopherââ¬â¢s stone J.K. Rowling refers to Voldemort only as a hooded figure'[2], just figure, without mentioning any other body parts because apparently he did not even have one at that time ââ¬â he was disembodied. His complete resurrection only became possible with the help of dark magic. His accomplices held a gruesome ritual to assist him in regaining his body and power. Again, such an act, by its own nature, seems abnormal. In fact, even in the Wizardââ¬â¢s world is it impossible to accomplish that, as those who are dead have to stay dead the world of magic has to obey this rule. After the rebirth, Voldemort still does not look like human: Whiter than a skull, with wide, livid scarlet eyes and a nose that was flat as a snakes with slits for n ostrils'[3]. He started to resemble a snake rather than a man ââ¬â that is what his evil deeds have done to him. Shira Wolosky, who concentrated on the Voldemortââ¬â¢s portrayal in the Harry Potter series writes that Voldemortââ¬â¢s rebirths are in fact ghoulish, incessant dyings'[4]; and it cannot be argued as an individual is not able to simply change the course of the human existence without any consequences. What adds more proof to the belief that Voldemort is dead is his creation of Horcruxes. He willingly divided his soul into seven parts (and also the eighth Horcrux was made accidentally on the night of murdering Harryââ¬â¢s parents). Looking into mythology and religion one may come across Aristotleââ¬â¢s definition of soul it the first actuality of a naturally organized body. He also argued its separate existence from the physical body. The same can be found in Christianity by soul one implies a distinct and immortal form, but even despite that it is inextr icably connected with the body. Thus, the soul accounts for life itself. On this view, the essential difference between living and non-living things is that living things have a soul and non-living things do not. In the light of all this, it can be said that Voldemort is a dead man regardless his ability to move, talk and commit murders. The analysis of Harry Potterââ¬â¢s side, however, illustrates that life does not end with oneââ¬â¢s passing, although there are no clear cases of reversible deaths. Harrys world is the Wizards world, so it comes as no surprise to readers that ghosts actually exist . But, as can be noticed, only positive heroes have this capability to return in a form of a ghost. Potters, Sirius and Lupin came to support Harry when he decided that he was ready to die in order to defeat Voldemort. They were less substantial than living bodies, but much more than ghosts.'[1] His most close relatives gave him what he needed most at that time ââ¬â moral support, and they stayed with him until the very end.'[2] Although it became possible only with the help of the Resurrection stone, Sirius, Lupin, Lily and James looked very much real. Unlike the girl that Cadmus (the original owner of the Resurrection stone) brought back to life, they were not emotionless and insensitive. What is more, Harryâ⠬â¢s parents are the ones that helped him not to die in the Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire during the final round of the Triwizard tournament. These ghostly figures appeared to Harry as much more solid than ordinary ghosts as they even had enough physical strength to give Harry some time to escape from Voldemort once their wandsââ¬â¢ connection was broken. So, even though only for a second, but they supported him physically to resist their common enemy. In general, Lily and James Potter appear several times in Harry Potter series albeit they have been dead since the beginning of the narrative. Not only do people return as ghosts but also in a form of talking portraits. These portraits have a capability to give advice and communicate, especially it can be said concerning Dumbledoreââ¬â¢s portrait, which Harry constantly talks to. One of the critics in his work writes that the connection between the portrait and the person of whom it was painted seems ââ¬Ëobscureââ¬â¢[3]. He even compares it with moving photographs in newspapers, which has no soul. However, there is a different viewpoint that is more accurate. In one of the interviews, J.K.Rowling pointed out that traditionally a headmaster or a headmistress is painted while they are alive. After that, portraits are taken to a closed secret room and only the headmaster or the headmistress regularly visits it and teaches it to act like themselves, imparting all kinds of useful memories and pieces of knowledge.[4] Hence, not everyone is able to fully return in a form of a portrait as they predominantly are painted onl y after oneââ¬â¢s death. Such portraits, obviously, contain some main characteristics, but still only a powerful and distinguished person is granted with an opportunity to stay partly alive this way. It might explain, why the reader does not see any portraits of Voldemort or his followers. What is important to note concerning the theme of death is that all positive heroes die with dignity as can be seen from their last words or actions. For instance, Harryââ¬â¢s father without even a wand in his hand was ready to protect his family at any cost. Realizing that Voldemort has entered the house, he shouted: Lily, take Harry and go! Itââ¬â¢s him! Go! Run! Iââ¬â¢ll hold him off!'[1] Both Harryââ¬â¢s parentsââ¬â¢ deaths are heroic, because they protect their loved ones. The opposite of it are the deaths of anti-heroes. For instance, Bellatrix Lestrangeââ¬â¢s end is presented like this: Mollys curse soared beneath Bellatrixs constricted arm and hit her squarely in the chest, directly over her heart. Bellatrixs gloating smile froze, her eyes seemed to bulge: For the tiniest space of time she knew what had happened, and then she toppled, and the watching crowd roared, and Voldemord screamed.'[2] She did not fall ââ¬â she toppled like a house of cards, like an object, not a person. Even the death of Severus Snape is presented in a different way, less violent, although at that moment readers do not know about him helping Dumbledore all this time. As the snake kills him, Snapeââ¬â¢s face loses the little color it had left'[3] (note: it is depicted similarly to Sirius Blackââ¬â¢s death), and then he fell to the floor'[4]. The important thing is that he did not very much resist Voldemort, so already in this episode J.K.Rowling is giving readers a hint of Severus Snapeââ¬â¢s true nature. Therefore, contrasting deaths helps, firstly, to realize the cowardness of anti-heroes and, secondly, to distinguish good characters from bad ones. In the death scenes Voldemort and Death Eaters reveal the fact that they are too afraid to die. After being resurrected in the Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Voldemort says that his goal is to conquer deathââ¬â¢[5] and live forever. He desires to possess the Deathly Hallows because of the same reason they give their holder the ultimate power to be immortal. However, chasing immortality is pointless since Voldemort and Death Eaters forget about the true meaning of life. If one thinks about it, what would Voldemort do if he had eternal life? He has no friends (only followers who are by his side not out of love, but out of fear) and no family; even the list of people he wants to kill, eventually would have ended. Life lies in accepting oneââ¬â¢s mortality like Harry does. In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Harry is ready to die for a good course for saving his loved ones. He tells Dumbledoreââ¬â¢s brother: Iââ¬â¢m going to keep going until I succeedââ¬âor I d ie. Donââ¬â¢t think I donââ¬â¢t know how this might end. Iââ¬â¢ve known it for years.'[6] Throughout the whole story he was aware that he might die at the end and because of that he was able to live his life to the fullest, enjoying every moment of it. That is what differs Harry from Voldemort and what, according to researchers, helpes him to survive. At the end, Dumbledore calls him the true master of death, because the true master does not seek to run away from Death. He accepts that he must die, and understands that there are far, far worse things in the living world than dying.'[7] Therefore, the story about Harry Potter proves that without recognizing the reality of death, one cannot truly understand the reality of life and, therefore, cannot truly live. It is most appropriate to finish the essay with the analysis of the final scene from the last book, which is set nineteen years later. This epilogue is of a great importance because the reader learns about charactersââ¬â¢ children. Harry and Ginny named the two of them after Harryââ¬â¢s parents ââ¬â Lily and James. And their second sonââ¬â¢s name is Albus Severus Potter. There is a popular belief that when a person is naming his son or daughter after someone else, this child is gaining some characteristics and maybe even fate of that individual.[1] So, in some way, it can be considered as the continuation of Harrys parents and Hogwarts headmasters lives. This also shows that all these people are still remembered even Professor Snape who was not always very gracious towards Harry. The reader sees that Harry forgave him, because he says to his son that he was named for two headmasters of Hogwarts. One of them was a Slytherin and he was probably the bravest man I ever knew .'[2] And it is commonly known that as long as someone is remembered ââ¬â he or she will stay alive, because memory is an extremely powerful tool (especially in Harry Potter series as they have many features connected with memory, for instance, Pensieves). The same thing cannot be said in relation to Voldemort and the Death Eaters. There is no one to remember them after death. Searching through the text proves that there is no (or very little) mention of them as soon as they die. Referring to the last scene, none of the characters mentions Voldemort. Admittedly, they mention that the scar had not pained Harry for nineteen years'[3], but there is no direct reference to Voldemort. It might be just an intimation of the events, which had happened during their years of education in Hogwarts. Reflecting on the theme of death in Harry Potter helps the reader to understand Rowlingââ¬â¢s message clearer. It is that love transcends death. And if you do something because of love, friendship, selflessness, you are determined to an eternal life. And therefore you should not fear death. But the ones that disdain it and are certain of their immortality are doomed to fail. References Primary sources: 1. Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. Great Britain: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2007. 2. Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. Great Britain: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2004. 3. Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and the Sorcererââ¬â¢s stone. Accessed December 13, 2016. http://www2.sdfi.edu.cn/netclass/jiaoan/englit/download/Harry%20Potter%20and%20the%20Sorcerers%20Stone.pdf. Secondary sources: 1. Klein, Shawn. ââ¬ËHarry Potter and Humanity: Choices, Love, and Death.ââ¬â¢ Reason Papers Vol. 34, no. 1, 2014. 2. Rowling, J.K. Hogwarts Portraits.ââ¬â¢ Accessed December 13, 2016. https://www.pottermore.com/writing-by-jk-rowling/hogwarts-portraits 3. Sehon, Scott. ââ¬ËDementors, Horcruxes, and Immortality: The Soul in Harry Potter.ââ¬â¢ Harry Potter and Philosophy: Hogwarts for Muggles, New Jersey: Wiley, 2010. 4. Stojilkov, Andrea. ââ¬ËLife and death in Harry Potter: The Immortality of Love and Soul.ââ¬â¢ Mosaic 48/2, June 2015. 5. Wolosky, Shira. The Riddles of Harry Potter: Secret Passages and Interpretive Quests. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-47664832531860952482020-05-17T06:24:00.001-07:002020-05-17T06:24:11.605-07:00Across Five Separate Readings, I Have Discovered And Learnt Across five separate readings, I have discovered and learnt different aspects that make a great leader. More importantly though, is I have been exposed to ways that particularly relate to me and furthermore how I can use this knowledge to benefit my growth in becoming a great leader. These five readings include; ââ¬Å"Legacy: 15 lessons in leadership: what the All Blacks can teach us about the business of lifeâ⬠(Kerr, J. 2013), ââ¬Å"The authenticity paradox: why feeling like a fake can be a sign of growthâ⬠(Ibarra H. 2014), ââ¬Å"The power of Appreciative inquiry: a practical guide to positive changeâ⬠(Whitney, D., Trosten-Bloom, A. 2003), ââ¬Å"Salsa, soul and spirit: Leadership for a multi-cultural ageâ⬠(Bordas. J. 2012) and ââ¬Å"Leading with questions: Howâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦However in order to become a greater leader I am willing to accept this learning challenge and list ââ¬Å"the great ââ¬ËI amââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ five times. I am a trus tworthy person, I am an excellent listener, I am extremely respectful of other people, I am very encouraging of other peopleââ¬â¢s ideas and I am a strong believer of do what makes you happy. ââ¬Å"From self-knowledge, Lombardi believed, we develop character and integrityâ⬠(Kerr, J. 2013), where from ââ¬Å"character and integrity comes leadershipâ⬠(Kerr, J. 2013). So if I continue to appreciate my own personal values then this should start to guide me in the right direction of being a great leader. The second reading ââ¬Å"The authenticity paradox: why feeling like a fake can be a sign of growthâ⬠(Ibarra H. 2014), taught me that because Iââ¬â¢m a person who likes to stick within their comfortable boundaries, that ââ¬Å"to begin thinking like leaders we must first actâ⬠(Ibarra H. 2014). By this I should ââ¬Å"plunge into new projects and activities, interact with very different kinds of people, and experiment with new ways of getting things doneâ⬠(Ibarra H. 2014). So in order to do this I need to break down those walls and do those ââ¬Å"new things that make us uncomfortable but that teach us through direct experience who we want to becomeâ⬠(Ibarra H. 2014). One way that I can instantly relate this to myself is at the end of this year, my family and I are thinking about moving countries for the second time andShow MoreRelatedDoes A Lengthened School Day Make A Difference? 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TableRead MorePeople Management Development22130 Words à |à 89 Pagesgenerally differ detailed briefs for all assignment options across all subject areas ââ" ââ" ââ" ââ" The numbers of assignments you are required to complete against each field are as follows Leadership and Management (4) People Management and Development (2) Electives ââ¬â Generalist (4) ââ¬â Specialist Learning and Development (4) ââ¬â Specialist Employment Law (1) For the elective modules, there is always a choice of topic for each assignment you have to complete. You complete only the assignments belonging Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-12848559266361148682020-05-06T18:56:00.001-07:002020-05-06T18:56:29.327-07:00Insourcing/Outsoucingââ¬the Flexcon Piston Decision Insourcing/Outsoucingââ¬âThe FlexCon Piston Decision This case addresses many issues that affect insourcing/outsourcing decisions. A complex and important topic facing businesses today is whether to produce a component, assembly, or service internally (insourcing), or whether to purchase that same component, assembly, or service from an external supplier (outsourcing). Because of the important relationship between insourcing/outsourcing and competitiveness, organizations must consider many variables when considering an insourcing/outsourcing decision. This may include a detailed examination of a firmââ¬â¢s competency and costs, along with quality, delivery, technology, responsiveness, and continuous improvement requirements. Because ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Shorter cycle times, for example, encourage greater outsourcing with less vertical integration. The time to develop a production capability or capacity may exceed the window available to enter a new market. ââ" ª Wall Street recognizes and rewards firms with higher ROI/ROA. Since insourcing usually requires an assumption of fixed assets (and increased human capital), financial pressures are causing managers to closely exam sourcing decisions. Avoidance of fixed costs and asset is motivating many firms to rely on supplier assets. ââ" ª Improved computer simulation tools and forecasting software enable firms to perform insourcing/outsourcing comparisons with greater precision. These tools allow the user to perform sensitivity analysis (what-if analysis) that permits comparison of different sourcing possibilities. One topic that interested FlexCon managers was a discussion of how core competencies relate to outsourcing decisions. FlexCon management commonly accepted that a core competency was something the company was good at. This view, however, is not correct. A core competence refers to skills, processes, or resources that distinguish a company, are hard to duplicate, and make that firm unique compared to other firms. Core competencies begin to define a firms long run, strategic ability to build a dominant set of technologies and/or skills that enable it to adapt quickly to changing market Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-212109690625073222020-05-06T00:18:00.001-07:002020-05-06T00:18:23.568-07:00Bioscience Studied for Human Body Question: Describe about the Bioscience for Studied for Human Body . Answer: Introduction: Effects of hot water bathing were well studied on the human body including heart rate. Hear rate is under the influence of numerous homoeostatic mechanisms. In the literature it has been mentioned that around 10 % sudden deaths occur due to the hot water bath and out of these deaths 10 % were due to cardiovascular problems. Physiologic and metabolic processes of human beings get affected by temperature changes. Acute and chronic changes in temperatures have significant effect on the physiological processes like heart rate. Due to hot water bath, there can be increased skin temperature. Due to this increase in the skin temperature sweating occurs and it results in the increased vasoconstriction and shivering. Very low frequency power (0.0039-0.04 Hz) raised in response to vasoconstriction and shivering. With the increase in the internal body temperature due to hot water, blood vessel dilates. As a result heart has to pump at faster rate to maintain adequate blood pressure allowing blood to cool down. Heart rate recovers to the normal state from its increased state upon removal from the hot water because there is the core hypothermia (Kamath and Adrian, 2016; Vrijkotte et al, 2000). Tabara et al., (2004) conducted study on eight elderly female and eight young women to study effect of hot immersion at 40C for 10 minutes. In this study they observed that high frequency (0.2 Hz) and low frequency (0.1 Hz) heart rate significantly increased from the baseline in both elderly and young women. They concluded that, variability in the heart rate is due to the alteration in the autonomic nervous system. Taheri et al., (2012) studied effect of warm water in 13 female students on heart rate. These female students walked through the warm water. They observed that, there is increased heart rate in these female students after walking through warm water. In these two studies, water temperature is little higher as compared to our planned experiment. In our study, hand and forearm are going to be immersed in the hot water, however in the above mentioned studies whole body was immersed and walking was performed in the hot water. As planned study is different in design from the mentioned studies, we are expecting new information from our planned study. The aim of the experiment is to study effect of hot immersion (37C) of both the hands on the heart rate. It is hypothesized that immersion of both the hands in warm water (37C) will increase in heart rate and. Material and methods: In this experiment 6 male healthy subjects were included in the study with age between 18-20. All the subjects reported to not have been on any type of medication in the last 6 months. These subjects didnt report any type of allergy. Materials used in this experiment were stopwatch (Clark), large bucket, Thermometer 0 to 100 C (Miller) and kettle. Heart rate (HR) was measured with an automatic digital sphygmomanometer (HEM-808F, OMRON Co, Tokyo, Japan). Subjects were relaxed for five minutes and after that heart were measured. Bucket was filled with warm water at 37C temperature and maintained this temperature throughout the experiment by adding hot or cool water. Subjects submerged their hands in the warm water up to their elbow. After 10 minutes heart rate was measured using automatic digital sphygmomanometer for all the subjects. Subjects kept their hands in water after measurement to take measurement at 20 and 30 minutes. For the obtained data, descriptive statistics in the form of mean and standard deviation was used. Also inferential statistics t test was used. Results: It was observed that heart rate after immersion of hand in warm water at 37C increased with increase in time of immersion as compared to the heart rate at the start of experiment (Table 1; Figure 1 Table 1: Time dependent effect of immersion in warm water on heart rate. Time (min.) Mean Heart Rates (beats/min) (S.D.) 0 89.2 12.2 10 110.4 15.6 20 124.8 14.6 30 140.6 16.2 Figure 1: Heart rate measurement of 6 subjects. Discussion: These findings were consistent with our hypothesis and the previous studies in which due to warm water there is the increase in the heart rate (Tabara et al., 2004; Taheri et al., 2012). Magnitude of increase in heart rate is similar to the previous studies because there is not much temperature difference. Heart rate variability observed across the subjects was consistent however, inter-subject variation has been observed. It has been observed that core temperature increase and highest increase in heart rate was observed during the later period of immersion. Taheri et al., (2012) studied effect of walking in warm water on heart rate. They found that heart rate was increased in stepwise manner from cold, mild and warm water. There was also decrease in the both systolic and diastolic blood pressure with increase in temperature. Blood pressure is more in cold water as compared to mild and warm water. This decrease in blood pressure is consistent with research conducted by (Allison Reger, 1998; Gabrielsen, Warberg et al., 2000; Nishimura Onodera, 2000). In this study they also studied recovery of heart rate in cold, mild and warm water. They found that recovery of heart rate was more in mild water as compared to the warm water. Tabara et al., (2004) hypothesized that imbalance of ANS due to hot water immersion can lead to disturbance in the hemodynamic process and alteration in the cardiovascular parameters. They studied age dependent effect of hot water immersion on heart rate and blood pressure. They found that systolic blood pressure was significantly altered in elder subjects, however this change was not significant in young subjects. Both high frequency (HF) (0.2 Hz)and low frequency (LF) (0.1 Hz) heart rate were significantly increased in elderly and young subjects. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is the essential component of the thermoregulation homeostatic mechanism in the body. This ANS controls heart rate and blood pressure. Heart rate measurement has been emerged as the important method for the assessment of the ANS because it is safe, noninvasive, and relatively inexpensive. It has been shown that immersion in warm water produces effect on the ANS by decreasing the sympathetic activation and by increasing the vagal tone (Miwa et al., 1997; Nishimura Onodera, 2000, 2001; Perini Veicsteinas, 2003). Non pharmacological techniques like hot water immersion are useful in studying ANS which has wide applicability in in a range of physiological mechanism. In previous studies it has been well established that water immersion has effect on heart rate variability and it is related to alteration in the ANS in reducing sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity and increasing parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity (Mourot et al., 2008; Mourot e t al., 2007; Nagasawa et al., 2001; Nishimura Onodera, 2000, Nishimura Onodera, 2001). Thus, ANS has effects on the peripheral circulation, blood pressure and central nervous system. Blood flow increases with increase in temperature. It is believed that increased blood flow is due to the increased muscle flow because this warm water immersion is used as muscle relaxation therapy. This muscle blood flow is both under auto regulation and neurogenic regulation (Shankar and Randall, 2002). Hemodynamic and ANS changes in warm water immersion were studied in both elderly patients with heart disease and in normal people because these changes may lead to sudden death during bathing in elderly people. During immersion in the hot water, elderly patients cant maintain homeostasis because their ANS is not capable to respond dynamically to heat stress of hot water. In our experiment, we selected 37C temperature because temperature around 40C may not be tolerable by the subjects. Time of immersion also should be always more than 10 minutes because heart rate measurement generally requires steady state cycle for at least 5 minutes. In our experiment we followed the trend by keeping minimum immersion time of 10 minutes. One of the major limitations of the study was that less number of participants was involved in this study. To get more robust data, experiment with more number of participants required. In this young male were selected. In the next experiment, subjects with different age group and gender should be selected. It would be helpful to evaluate effect of hot water immersion on child, young people and adults. Also, it would be helpful to evaluate comparative effect of hot water immersion on male and female. References: Allison, T.G., Reger, W.E. (1998). Comparison of responses of men to immersion in circulating water at 40.0 and 41.5 degrees C. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 69(9), 845850. Gabrielsen, A., Warberg, J., Christensen, N.J., Bie, P., Stadeager, C., Pump, B., et al. (2000). Arterial pulse pressure and vasopressin release during graded water immersion in humans. American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 278(6), R1583R1588. Kamath, M.V., Watanabe, M. (2016). Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Signal Analysis: Clinical Applications. CRC Press. Taylor Francis Group. Miwa, C., Sugiyama, Y., Mano, T., Iwase, S., Matsukawa, T. (1997). Sympatho-vagal responses in humans to thermoneutral head-out water immersion. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 68(12), 11091114. Mourot, L., Bouhaddi, M., Gandelin, E., Cappelle, S., Dumoulin, G., Wolf, J.P., et al. (2008). Cardiovascular autonomic control during short-term thermoneutral and cool head-out immersion. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 79(1), 1420. Mourot, L., Bouhaddi, M., Gandelin, E., Cappelle, S., Nguyen, N.U., Wolf, J.P., et al. (2007). Conditions of autonomic reciprocal interplay versus autonomic co-activation: Effects on non-linear heart rate dynamics. Autonomic Neuroscience, 137(1), 2736. Nagasawa, Y., Komori, S., Sato, M., Tsuboi, Y., Umetani, K., Watanabe, Y., et al. (2001). Effects of hot bath immersion on autonomic activity and hemodynamics: Comparison of the elderly patient and the healthy young. Japanese Circulation Journal, 65(7), 587592. Nishimura, M., Onodera, S. (2000). Effects of supine floating on heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac autonomic nervous system activity. Journal of Gravitational Physiology, 7(2), 171172. Nishimura, M., Onodera, S. (2001). Effects of water temperature on cardiac autonomic nervous system modulation during supine floating. Journal of Gravitational Physiology, 8(1), 6566. Perini, R., Veicsteinas, A. (2003). Heart rate variability and autonomic activity at rest and during exercise in various physiological conditions. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 90(3-4), 317325. Shankar, K., Randall, K. (2002). Therapeutic Physical Modalities. Hanley and Belfus, Philadelphia. Tabara, Y., Kohara, K., Okuda, Y., Kondo, I., Suyama, K., Miki, T. (2004). Effects of hot water immersion on autonomic activity and hemodaynamics. American Journal of Hypertension, 17 (S1), 234A. Taheri, A., Habibi, A., Ghanbarzadeh, M., Ramezani, P. (2012). Changes in blood pressure, heart rate and perception of fatigue in Recovery to primary active state in water with three different temperatures, after an exhausting activity. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 3(7), 1485-1489. Vrijkotte TG, van Doornen L J, de Geus EJ. (2000). Effects of work stress on ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability. Hypertension, 35(4), 880-6. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-73072521264165708932020-04-20T03:21:00.001-07:002020-04-20T03:21:03.103-07:00Truman Doctrine Essays (2378 words) - Presidency Of Harry S. Truman Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine was the impetus for the change in United States foreign policy, from isolationist to internationalists; thus we were drawn into two wars of containment and into world affairs. The Truman Doctrine led to a major change in U.S. foreign policy from its inception - aid to Turkey and Greece - to its indirect influence in Korea and Vietnam. The aftermath of World War II inspired the U.S. to issue a proclamation that would stem Communist influence throughout the world. However, our zeal in that achievement sent our soldiers to die in Vietnam and Korea for a seemingly futile cause. It must be the policy of the U.S. to support free peoples. This is no more than a frank recognitions that totalitarian regimes imposed on free peoples . . .undermine the foundations of . . . peace and security of the United States. The Truman Doctrine would change the foreign policy of the United States and the world. This policy would first go in aid to support the democratic regimes in Turkey and Greece. These nations were being threatened by Soviet-supported rebels seeking to topple the government and install a Communist regime. The Soviets were also making extreme territorial demands especially concerning the Dardanelles. A direct influence of this Doctrine was, of course, the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan was designed to give aid to any European country damaged during World War II. It tremendously helped ravaged European nations such as Italy and France. By helping them economically, the Marshall Plan indirectly helped to stem growing Communist sentiment in these countries. The process whereby the Truman Doctrine came to fruition was a long and arduous one. After World War II, the Soviet Union and the United States stood at the pinnacle of world power. By the late '40's, the U.S.S.R. had caught up to the United States' nuclear weapons programs. In addition, they were very land-hungry. Throughout Russia's history, they have been in search of a port - a quest advanced further by Peter the Great and Catherine the Great. The Soviets in that respect were direct threats to their non-Communist neighbors: Greece, Turkey, and Iran. In Iran, the U.S.S.R. was not evacuating Iran's northern provinces despite entreaties from the United States. In Turkey, the Soviet Union coveted several naval bases along the Straits of Dardanelles. Further, they pressured Turkey for border cessions that Turkey had taken from Russia after World War I. In Greece, the Soviets encouraged the insurgent leader Markos Vafiades with arms and economic support. The British troops helping the Grecian government were strangled of supplies due to poor economic times in Britain. Also, further territorial requisitions to Yugoslavia, Albania, and Bulgaria were being made. Seeing the deteriorating U.S. - Soviet relations, Truman issued two statements about agreements, violations, reparations, and Soviet actions threatening U.S. security. 1. The Middle East is of strategic importance to the U.S.S.R.(from which they are in range of an air attack.) 2. The U.S. must be prepared to wage atomic and biological warfare. (Ferrel 247) Soon after, he sent bombers to the Middle East. He desired the return of all arms given to U.S.S.R. under the Lend-Lease Act. There isn't a doubt in my mind that Russia intends an invasion of Turkey and seizure of the Black Sea straits to the Mediterranean. Unless Russia is faced with an iron fist and strong language another war is in the making, How many divisions have you? Truman had his eye on the Soviets and on war. However, The U.S.S.R. never made such invasions and thus quelled Truman's paranoia. The Truman Doctrine was starting to develop during 1947 when Truman issued several statements. 1. The present Russian ambassador . . . persona non grata . . . does not belong in Washington. 2. Urge Stalin to pay us a visit. 3. Settle the Korean question give the Koreans a government of their own. 4. Settle the Manchurian question .. . support Chang Kai-Shek for a strong China. 5. Agree to discussion of Russia's lend-lease debt to the U.S. 6. Agree to commercial air treaty. 7. Make it plain that we have no territorial ambitions. That we only want peace, but we'll fight for it! Truman also set several goals for questioned territories: The U.S. would go to war if Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-50107050897799769282020-03-15T10:36:00.001-07:002020-03-15T10:36:03.258-07:00The Comparison and Contrast of Martin Luther King Jr. essaysThe Comparison and Contrast of Martin Luther King Jr. essays The Comparison And Contrast of Dr. Martin Luther King And Malcolm Xs Life Dr. Martin Luther King and Malcolm X were great African-Americans that base their lives to stop the discrimination of people who were different than the whites (mainly African-Americans) . In my essay I will compare and show you how different their lives where from each other . I will talk about how their styles were , and how I thought about their accomplishments . Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta , Georgia . He was born his name was actually Michael Luther King Jr. , but he later changed to Martin . When Dr. King was in school he was very smart , because finished high school at the age of fifteen , got his Bachelors degree at the age of 19 from Morehouse College . Then three years after he of studying theological at Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania where he was elected president of a predominantly white senior class . He was presented his B. D. in 1951 , and he went on to peruse the rest of his education . In Boston he met his wife to be Coretta Scott which was as smart as he was , and married her , and had two sons , and two daughters . In 1954 , Martin Luther King Jr. accepted the pastoral of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery , Alabama . King was a member of the executive committee of the National Association for the Advancement of the Colored People(NAACP) , which is the leading organization of its kind in the nation . Dr. King was a great person and I will talk more about his accomplishments in the compare and contrast . Malcolm X was born with the name Malcolm Little , but changed his last name ,because he didnt want to have the last name of a white man that owned his ancestors. Malcolm X was born in Omaha , Nebraska on the date of May 19 , 1925 . Even though Malcolm was ... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-34623698633671037482020-02-28T01:02:00.001-08:002020-02-28T01:02:02.589-08:00Christology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1Christology - Essay Example Acts 2:32-32 says, ââ¬Å"This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses. Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, He hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hearâ⬠. Some other instances where this resurrection is the central theme are Acts 3:13-18; 4:10-12; 5:29-32; 10:37-43, and so on. Similarly, one can find this resurrection as the main theme in the Epistles. To illustrate, in 1 Corinthians 15, Paul provides a number of reasons why this resurrection is the basis of Christian faith. When some people in Corinth fail to believe in the resurrection of the dead, Paul explains the various dire consequences in the absence of resurrection. First, the act of preaching Christ will be futile, and hence, even faith in Christ will be useless. If Jesus were not resurrected from the dead, no one would be redeemed from sin as promised. That means all the preachers would be liars and Christians would be come a pitiable lot on the earth. Thus, one can see that it is this resurrection which gave the disciples enough courage and faith in what they preached. Secondly, the late 60s AD witnessed persecution of Christians by the Nero-led Roman government. In 62 AD, both Peter and Paul were executed, and this persecution continued till the early 4th century. In order to make the early Christians face the cruelties boldly, and to sacrifice their own life for this great cause, Jesusââ¬â¢ success over death acted as a catalyst (Vinzent 143). With this spirit, Romans 12:1 says, ââ¬Å"I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worshipâ⬠. Moreover, the Old Testament is full of prophesy about the resurrection, and for those who believed in Scriptures, the saviour is the one who would win over death. To illustrate, Hosea 5:15 reads, ââ¬Å"I will go and return to my place, till they Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-9278275277142220902020-02-11T17:46:00.001-08:002020-02-11T17:46:03.067-08:00Company Assessment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1Company Assessment - Research Paper Example China, which is Nike's largest single sourcing country, employs more than 210,000 people and has over 180 manufacturers. The supply chain management was affected by the issues of unpaid wages, presentation of falsified documents, and underage employees. (Global Supply Chain Council, 2008) Nike tried to make sure that its code of conduct was followed by the Chinese manufacturers, in addition to Chinese laws. The official report released by Nike stated that labor-related issues such as hiring practices, inadequate grievance system for workers, falsified payroll records, and underage workers, were of great concern. (Global Supply Chain Council, 2008) When an identity check was carried out on 150,000 of Nike's workers in China, it was found that 167 employees were underage at the tie of recruitment and two of them were still underage. Paid wages were also not as per the raises mandated by the government. Moreover, the report stated that some of Nike's Chinese contract factories were playing tricks so they don't have to alter the wage levels. (Global Supply Chain Council, 2008) Nike is building a logistics centre in eastern China, which is to complete by the end of next year. This facility, like that in Jiangsu province, will be using high-tech conveyers and sorters for tracking and mobility of its products.Radio frequency technology will also be used to enhance efficiency and accuracy. Nike China is working hard to develop a state-of-the-art logistics facility and exhibit its expertise in supply chain management. It's also working to resolve labor issues, which leave a bad impact on company's reputation. Employing underage workers is the violation of international human rights and working laws. Moreover, many countries, such as USA are very particular about not doing trade of items that involve underage labor. This does not only harm company's prestige but also its revenues. (Gabe Perna, 2009 and Portland Business Journal, 2009) Recently, a Greenpeace report named "Slaughtering the Amazon" had identified different shoe companies that were held responsible for deforestation in the Amazon. Nike was one of them. Last month Nike announced its new leather policy of no sourcing from Amazon rainforest. It conducted extensive discussion with the suppliers and claimed that it is going to make sure that leather used in Nike products is not coming from Amazon rainforests. However, as there is no standard tracing systems a yet, the company cannot give a 100% guarantee. (Global Supply Chain Council, 2009) Nike has called its suppliers to develop a tracking system that would make sure that the leather used does not come from cattle raised in Amazon Biome. Suppliers are to come up with a transparent and traceable tracking system by July 1 next year. Incase suppliers fail to do so; Nike will extend the area outside of Amazon as its leather source. Suppliers are also required to become members of Leather Working Group by the end of this year. Nike is working with this group to create an industry standard traceability system. (Global Supply Chain Council, 2009) References Nikebiz, Company Overview, 2009, , Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-21817334466762286092020-01-31T11:13:00.001-08:002020-01-31T11:13:04.068-08:00Describe the main theoretical models of child abuse Essay Example for Free Describe the main theoretical models of child abuse Essay Medical model, sociological model, psychological model, feminist model and contextual model are all theories relating to abuse. Although there are many different types of child abuse and many different reasons why it may occur, most cases have been wilted down to fit into one of the five main theories named above.à Medical mode is when the reason for abused is classed as a disease or an illness. Kempe and Kempe were the inspiration for this theory when they described it as battered child syndrome which was linked to Bowlbys theory on attachment. Bowlby came to the conclusion that children who failed to form this bond with their mother in the first three years of the childs life would have problems in later life bonding with people and trusting people. He also described a child with a lack of bonding to be an affectionless psychopath, which he described to be someone who shows lack of guilt when done something wrong has difficulties showing emotion to things around them or someone with behaviour problems. Another affect of not having an attachment in this critical period as it was also known in Bowlbys eyes was development retardation which meant the child may grow up with learning difficulties or slower intellectual skills. So if the main caregiver failed to have a strong bond when they were young then they may find it difficult to form a bond with the child. It is a vicious cycle that goes round and round. This type of abuse is shown in the case study in some ways. This is because the mother of the children had failed to form a bond with her mother, and there for she is struggling to form a bond with her children. Will these children grow up failing to form a bond or a strong relationship with their children because of this? Bowlby would have described Kerry, the mother as an affectionless psychopath. Sociological model is all about the environment that the child is being brought up in and around. Areas of social deprivation are often linked with abuse which has been proven in some research that has been carried out. Children need to be safe and grow up in healthy environments for them to get a good start in life and grow up healthy. Some people react to how they were treated when they were growing up. In other words if a child is abused or neglected then there is a higher chance that when they grow up they will forward this behaviour on to the children in their care. This is because this is what they are used to and they may think that it is normal was to treat children if they have seen no different. Another reason may be they feel that they have to suffer through it all and so should their children. It is not always this case however, some abused children grown up with the determination to treat the children with the love and kindness that they never received themselves. The case study states that the children are living in a high rise block of flats with faulty wiring, damp, and a lack of hygiene. The children are constantly around alcohol, drugs and known criminals. This is definitely not an appropriate environment for the children to be around and this is why I feel it fits in to this area of abuse.à Psychological model is based around the family and its relationship status. It involves one particular member of the family being scapegoated by the rest of the family and getting the blame for all the problems that arise in the family. This type of abuse can be linked with the case study because the older child Katie gets blamed for a lot of the things that go wrong in the flat especially linked with her brother. Her brother is only a baby and if he cries then Katie gets in to trouble. She is given the responsibility to take care of the baby even though she is only 3 years old herself.à The theory described as the feminist model is about the different sexes and the power and force in which the male figure has. This theory links mainly with sexual abuse. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-84489563354278522032020-01-23T07:36:00.001-08:002020-01-23T07:36:02.851-08:00Lesson Learned in Warfare Essay example -- WarfareThis paper examines lessons learned that are timeless in their relevance for all types of warfare with respect to the lesson materials discussed in the Warfare Studies course. The first lesson learned that this paper examines is the United Statesââ¬â¢ adaptability in response to changing nature of warfare. The United States has experienced various types of warfare ranging from war of annihilation, war of attrition, or fourth-generation warfare; the United States has no identifiable American way of war. Second, this paper looks at the importance and enduring nature of fourth-generation warfare and counterinsurgency operations. These events are here to stay and will be significant in the future conflicts. The third lesson learned discusses Americaââ¬â¢s poor planning and preparation for stability, security, transition, and reconstruction operations (SSTR) and demonstrated the need to avoid stovepiped, single agency planning. The apparent lack of planning for SSTR operations severely complicated and extended the United States mission in Iraq. Fourth, America must always strive to be on the cutting edge and maintain technological superiority over our adversaries in order to secure great advantages. However, the United States cannot solely rely on technological savvy military to achieve success. The last lesson learned discusses the growing relevance of information IOP as a powerful tool of war and the importance of it in shaping public opinion. The first lesson learned is the adaptability of United States to evolving nature of warfare. Adaptability is a trademark of the American way of war. The American way of war is usually associated with war of annihilation in which aims for decisive victory or war of attrition in which aims fo... ...ia and Military Operations. Carlisle Barracks, PA: US Army War College, 2008. Murray, Williamson. ââ¬Å"Decisive Battle and the Ghost of Napoleon.â⬠Marine Corps Gazette 84, no. 7 (July 2000): 36-37. Parker, Geoffrey. ââ¬Å"The Western Way of War.â⬠In History of Warfare: The Triumph of the West, 2-9. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Snow, Donald M. and Dennis M. Drew. Making Twenty-first Century Strategy: An Introduction to Modern National Security Processes and Problems. Maxwell AFB, AL.: Air University Press (January 2006). Ulrich, Marybeth P., ââ¬Å"A Primer on Civil-Military Relations for Senior Leaders.â⬠In US Army War College Guide to National Security Issues, Volume II: National Security Policy and Strategy. 3rd ed. Edited by J. Boone Bartholomees, Jr. Carlisle Barracks, PA.: US Army War College, Strategic Studies Institute (June 2008): 241-252. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-68440522778691384842020-01-15T03:59:00.001-08:002020-01-15T03:59:02.690-08:00Disneyââ¬â¢s Expedition Everest EssayWalt Disney World wanted to celebrate its 50th anniversary in a big way. So in 2006 Walt Disney Company introduced Expedition Everest in Disneyââ¬â¢s Animal Kingdom Park at Lake Buena Vista, Florida. This is more than your average roller coaster. The roller coaster not only has the unexpected twist and turns we all love, but also an incredible attention to detail. This roller coaster really took some impressive management skills. This roller is based off of Mount Everest in Nepal. The ride contains 18 mountains with the tallest one (Everest) peaking at just under 200 feet. The rollers coaster contains nearly a mile of track and also has a robotic 10 foot tall Yeti. Surrounding this roller coaster in 900 bamboo plants, 10 species of trees, and 110 species of shrubs was planted to give the feel of the lowlands in the Himalayas. The Disney Imaginers actually went to the Himalayas in Nepal to study the lands, architecture, colors, ecology, and culture. They actually got more than 2000 handcrafted item for Asia to use as props and ornamentation. This is actually the most expensive roller coaster in the world. Disneyââ¬â¢s approach to the management of project such as Expedition Everest is to combine careful planning, including schedule and budgeting preparation, with the imagination and vision for which the company is so well known. Prioritizing the needs for project success took discipline and creativity. Disney seemed to spare no expense when creating their new ride. The budget must have been astronomical. Wanting the new ride open for their 50th anniversary, each step of the project had to be met with strict deadlines taking over 2 years to develop. The approach to the management of the project displays the embodiment of the Disney spirit: a ride that combines Disneyââ¬â¢s trademark thrills, and impressive project management. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-15894344778255012172020-01-07T00:21:00.001-08:002020-01-07T00:21:02.795-08:00Using a Collocation Dictionary to Improve Your English One of the least appreciated tools for learning English is using a collocation dictionary. A collocation can be defined as words that go together. In other words, certain words tend to go with other words. If you think about how you use your own language for a moment, youll quickly recognize that you tend to speak in phrases or groups of words that go together in your mind. We speak in chunks of language. For example: Im tired of waiting for the bus this afternoon. An English speaker doesnt think of ten separate words, rather they think in the phrases Im tired of waiting for the bus and this afternoon. Thats why sometimes you may say something correctly in English, but it just doesnt sound right. For example: Im tired of standing for the bus this afternoon. To someone whos imaging the situation standing for the bus, makes sense, but standing goes together with in line. So, while the sentence makes sense, it isnt really correct. As students improve their English, they tend to learn more phrases and idiomatic language. Its also important to learn collocations. In fact, Id say its the single most under-used tool by most students. A thesaurus is very helpful to find synonyms and antonyms, but a collocations dictionary can help you learn the right phrases in context.à I recommend the Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English, but there are other collocation resources available such as concordance databases. Using a Collocation Dictionary Tips Try these exercises to help you use a collocations dictionary to improve your vocabulary. 1. Choose a Profession Choose a profession you are interested in. Go to the Occupational Outlook site and read the specifics of the profession. Take note of common terms that are used. Next, look up those terms in a collocations dictionary to extend your vocabulary by learning appropriate collocations. Example Aircraft and Avionics Key words from Occupational Outlook: equipment, maintenance, etc. From the collocations dictionary: Equipment Adjectives: the latest, modern, state-of-the-art, high-tech, etc.Types of Equipment: medical equipment, radar equipment, telecom equipment, etc.Verb Equipment: provide equipment, supply equipment, install equipment, etc.à Phrases: the proper equipment, the right equipment From the collocations dictionary: Maintenance Adjectives: annual, daily, regular, long-term, preventive, etc.Types of Maintenance: building maintenance, software maintenance, health maintenance, etc.Verb Maintenance: carry out maintenance, perform maintenance, etc.Maintenance Noun: maintenance personnel, maintenance costs, maintenance schedule, etc.à 2. Choose an Important Term Choose an important term that you might use on a daily basis at work, school, or home. Look the word up in the collocations dictionary. Next, imagine a related situation and write a paragraph or more using important collocations to describe it. The paragraph will repeat the keyword too often, but this is an exercise. By repeatedly using your key term, youll create a link in your mind to a wide variety of collocations with your target word.à Example Key Term: Business Situation: Negotiating a contract Example Paragraph Were working on a business deal with an investment company who carries on business with profitable businesses throughout the world. We set up the business two years ago, but weve been very successful due to our business strategy. The CEOs business acumen is outstanding, so were looking forward to conducting business with them. The companys business headquarters are located in Dallas, Texas. Theyve been in business for more than fifty years, so we expect their business experience to be the best in the world. 3. Use the Collocations You Learn Make a list of important collocations. Commit to using at least three of the collocations each day in your conversations. Try it, its more difficult than you might think, but it really helps with memorizing new words. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-20301259331016155192019-12-29T20:44:00.001-08:002019-12-29T20:44:02.741-08:00Wireless Industry Essay - 754 Words Over the past decade the wireless telecommunications industry has undergone a multitude of changes and experienced rapid growth. Developments in technology and consumer demand have fueled this growth and research shows that this growth will continue in the years to come. This paper will analyze the basis for these trends in consumption patterns, to include the utility derived from the products, changes in demand, market prices and the elasticity of demand of wireless services. Utility is defined as the ââ¬Å"satisfaction one get from consuming a good or serviceâ⬠(Colander, 2004, p.179). The utility derived from the use of wireless communications devices includes freedom from being tied to one place, the hope of increased productivity, and costâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This trend almost guarantees that demand for wireless products and services will continue to grow for many years across many sectors. Today, managers and business leaders may be apprehensive to adopt new wireless technologies over their current wire-bound infrastructures because of quality and security concerns. This new generation of workers has already entered the workplace and as they come into positions of more power and influence they are more likely to deploy wireless solutions, which they have already adopted and become comfortable with. Another growth factor of the wireless industry is the decrease in market prices and the price elasticity of demand for wireless products a nd services. Advances in technology and increased competition explain the decrease in market prices in the wireless industry over the past few years. Growth projections of the industry have created an incentive for more telecommunications carriers to enter the market, resulting in increased competition. This increased competition has made demand for wireless products and services elastic, meaning that the percentage change in quantity would be greater than any percentage change in price (Colander, 2004). This will cause wireless product and service providers to keep prices low and offer other non-monetary incentives to attract potential customers. ButShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Wireless Communication Industry On The Industry And Growth Of Wind Mobile, And Canada s Current Economic State2226 Words à |à 9 Pagesgrowing in the wireless industry in Canada. The wireless industry in Canada presents a unique opportunity for investment due to the oligopolistic structure and market breakdown. 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Thus, we will provide Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-76888239569512932032019-12-21T16:31:00.001-08:002019-12-21T16:31:04.635-08:00Case Of Ellen Hughes Finnerty V. Board Of Registered... Case of: Ellen Hughes Finnerty v. Board of Registered Nursing Introduction to Case According to FindLaw (2008), Ellen H. Finnerty, a registered nurse is requesting the Board of Nursing in Texas to set aside the judgment where she was disciplined for gross negligence and incompetence. The boardââ¬â¢s decision came after an incident where Finnerty chose not to comply with a physicianââ¬â¢s order to intubate a patient before said patient was transferred to the ICU. In August 2002, Finnerty was working at Huntington Memorial Hospital as a charge nurse. A nurse (A. Magi) that was caring for patient(J.C.) begin to display symptoms of respiratory distress, such as rapid and labored respirations of 40 and an oxygen saturation of only 70%. With the assistance of a respiratory therapist, the patient was suctioned and Nurse Magi received orders from the primary care physician for 100% oxygen via a nonrebreather mask with the oxygen saturation to be maintained above 94%, several different blood test, for the administration of a diuretic. After the orders were perf ormed and the patient was continually monitored, there were no changes to the respiratory rate. Another call was placed to the PCP, there was an order given for the patient to be transferred to the ICU and stat intubation. These orders were relayed to Finnerty, who then assessed the patient, but did not disclose her findings with the medical staff. Lab results indicated that insuffient blood oxygenation and acidosis. TheShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesCommunication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-51383311245257802332019-12-13T13:02:00.001-08:002019-12-13T13:02:04.120-08:00Differences in the Way Language is used Free Essays Language is an important aspect of a human being. The capability to speak and used language makes it possible for an individual to relate to other people. However, language is not merely a means of communication it is an essential factor that shows a personââ¬â¢s thoughts as well as his or her culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Differences in the Way Language is used or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being the case, since there are many various cultures in the world it is not surprising that there are many languages that exist. This kind of diversity is even more observable in the different ways language is used. Numerous articles have dwelt on the topic of language especially in its importance and the ways it is used. The succeeding paragraphs will discuss the different usage of language based upon some of the written accounts that have given specific attention in this topic. These will deal with the various function of language on different areas and its effects in the society. American linguists and anthropologists perceived that language has a more important role aside from the fact that it shapes an individualââ¬â¢s view of reality. This idea became widely known during the beginning of the 20th century especially in the first four decades. The one responsible for this kind of thinking are Edward Sapir and his student Benjamin Whorf. They asserted that ââ¬Å"language predetermines what we see in the world around usâ⬠(Oââ¬â¢Neil, 2006, n. p. ). Simply put, language acts as a filtering mechanism wherein an individual could only see and understand the real world based upon the categories of their language. In the study of Sapir and Whorf, they conducted a cross cultural comparison of color. A person perceived a particular color through the use of the eyes, which is aided by light. The frequency of light is the one who stimulate the eye in order to recognize the lightness or darkness of a certain color. As such, the eye only see the value of a pigmentation whether they are high or low but the terms used in referring to it like red or green does not actually exist. As such, it is through the use of language that these different values of light are called with various names (Oââ¬â¢Neil, 2006, n. p. ). The assumption of Sapir and Whorf that there are cultural differences in the perception of color is not recognized by other expert in the field by commenting that they went to far. Experts said that all people in the world have the similar visual perception and this is not affected by culture. Nevertheless, the study that they conducted proves that language has an important role in how people perceived the different phenomena in their surrounding like the recognition of light. It is through language that people could specifically recognize these colors by name even if they have various terminologies on how it should be called. Language as a medium could also be used in order to change peopleââ¬â¢s perceptions about things as well as make them adhere to new ideas and concepts. A good example of such is through the media. Advertising has its way of using and playing with language that would make an ordinary consumer avail of the products and services that they are marketing. The famous taglines or one-liners that most commercials used leave a mark in the consciousness of the people that make them patronize what they are selling (Schrank, n. d. ). Moreover, even television programs or movies also have its way of changing the opinion of people about issues and other events. The media could easily used words that could aggravate a certain event than what is really happening. Language also has a pivotal role in the world of business. The rapidly changing time has paved the way for business operations to become international in nature. This is exemplified by existence of multinational corporations that operates in different countries and establishes business relationship with people of various cultures. Good communication is one of the most important elements for a successful business and in order to do so language have to be given due importance. In an article written by Jim Brantley (2007), a teacher of Business English and a consultant that specializes in Cross Cultural Communications, he emphasizes the importance of effectively using language in business especially during this time of globalization. Brantley discusses that todayââ¬â¢s market is highly characterize by competition wherein there is a demand for diversity and the need to venture into labor markets that will sustain the nature of the business. Important factors like currency can be easily understood but dealing with people who are involved in business operations could be more challenging. More so, if it deals with people of different nationality. The primary idea in addressing this issue is by teaching a standardized medium of communication through the English language. Key employees should know how to speak English in order for them to easily understand instructions as well as give their inputs in decision-making processes. However, it is not as simple as that because there should be a substantial process of teaching in order for the employees to effectively use the language. In this scenario, the importance role language is further highlighted. Language is a pivotal tool in many aspects of operation in the society and it is clearly seen in the area of business. In a culturally diverse world where people come from different countries with various nationalities, language served as a means of identification. Most people would easily recognize the country of origin of a particular individual based upon the language that he or she uses. Even the mere accent that a person produce while speaking is a helpful indicator in recognizing his or her nationality. Furthermore, the identity of a state is also exemplified through the language that a country is using. Almost every state has a country profile that contains the necessary vital information about that particular entity. Language is included among the facts that describe a certain country. As such, this only proves that language is essential in differentiating one country from another. Moreover, having this knowledge is also beneficial in dealing with its people. Diplomatic relations is widely practiced by most states. In doing so, a state has to established relationships with other countries in order to facilitate cooperation and collaboration in various areas of interests. It could be in terms of economic concerns and social problems. Even the process of asking for aid in times of crisis or war becomes easier through good relationships. To be able to form an effective and meaningful diplomatic relationship, the representatives of each country have to give specific attention in learning the language of the other party they are dealing with (Edwards, 2004). This is also the reason why most ambassadors are multi-lingual so that they could properly convey the message of their state with the international community. Geographical locations and boundaries are also another reason to the different uses of language. The territorial location of a particular country is often the reason as to why particular words are formed. This is exemplified by the case of some people who are living in tropical climates where they have never experienced having winter season. Due to the fact that they only have summer and rainy season, they are not familiar with the word snow. If a person who experienced having four seasons in their country uttered this word, some people will not understand it. On the other hand, Eskimos who live in a cold climate used more than fifty terms to pertain to ââ¬Å"snowâ⬠(Think Quest, 2000). The discussions above show that indeed language plays a very important role in the society. Its usage as a means of communication encompasses many aspects in terms of economics, politics as well as social factors. Language also has a more essential function in recognizing one country from the other. In relation to this, even the territorial origins of individuals are easily identified through it. Nonetheless, its most important contribution is in shaping the thoughts of people especially on how they perceived reality. Language is not merely a means of communication it also becomes part of the peopleââ¬â¢s culture. It becomes one of the most appropriate symbols that describe a particular group. In all these, language is not only a tool that people use but it actually becomes a representation of who they are. How to cite Differences in the Way Language is used, Essays Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-39925699895977491112019-12-05T09:21:00.001-08:002019-12-05T09:21:03.266-08:00Digital Innovation of Apple Inc. Corporation Question: Discuss about the Digital Innovation of Apple Inc. Corporation. Answer: Introduction The digital innovation is increasingly important today towards achieving the business goals. Having the right digital innovation can make or break an organization. The use of technology is changing the structure in wholesale, more so the digital innovation of the web in particular it has relentlessly and rewritten on the way the business is carried out. (Amit and Zott, 2012) Nonetheless, the recent research has shown that there are difficulties in the evaluation of the value that are generated by the digital innovation investments. In the 90s the first generation of the use of IT applications enabled the firms to streamline their operations internally while at the same time provide room for opportunities towards the process of innovation. Recently the use of digital technology has expanded beyond the internal dimensions and has penetrated on the products and the services that organization is offering. The organization that is elaborated at length in this paper is the Apple Inc. Corpo ration. Swot Analysis Strengths of Apple Corporation The equity of the brand. Apple Company is one of the leading companies in the world on the aspect of the brand of the equity. This has come back way on the days of Mcintosh PC, and Apple has been highlighted as a brand of great promises. The concept of tag of innovation. Apple company has applied most of the times label of innovation to their products like IPod, IPad, and the IPhone. (Trott, 2008)They have been responsible for many of the technological revolutions that have been exhibited over the years. Weakness of iPhone of Apple They have a high price. Because of the brand equity, they target the A grade customer segmentation. The Apple changes the upper price for the purchase of their devices as a comparison to other brands that offer similar features. The Apple iPhones have some restrictions. It has some restrictions that are unnecessary on the Apple iPhone that are out of the box. (Trott, 2008)The phones have no presence of Bluetooth, lacks the components to expand the memory, and the battery is they have is not removed. Having such phone that is priced high, it is expected to have more features from the phone. Opportunities Continued technological advancement. Apple has delivered many hits over the last decades and many people are expecting more products that are unique from this organization. 2. The organization is dependent more on the digital innovation.(Prahalad and Ramaswamy, 2003) Many individuals are becoming addicted to the use of the internet and various applications. More often, many individuals are becoming digitalized and as spending power increases, the smartphone industry like iPhone would gain boom. Threats There is issue of lack of the innovation. For the past decade, Apple Company has not made any innovation and bring in new products in the market. Nonetheless, many individuals expect them have come with new innovative products. The risk of the brand losing on the shine. Because of lack of innovation in the last few years, there is a chance that the brand of Apple may lose on the current equity of the brand over a period(Amita and Zott, 2012). If the company launches an innovation in the future, the brand would inevitably rise again. Digital Innovation of Apple and How it Affect the Organization The digital innovation has caused some effects at Apple due to the fact individuals in the company are not accepting the new changes that are being implemented.(Trott, 2008) Innovation cannot occur only in the company itself; Apple has understood this issue over the years. There is a need to outsource the processes that are not great in the company(Prahalad and Ramaswamy, 2003). Nonetheless, the aspect of get help from other companies is a hard thing to undertake since this process to outsource needs to be first identified. Besides, there is also the problem of searching an organization that would provide the best quality they want otherwise if the quality is compromised the brand name would be damaged in the market(Engardio, Einhorn, Kripalani, Reinhardt, Nussabaum and Burrows, 2005). The development of these digital innovations has created an environment for Apple to strive well and created a diverse market for their products across the globe. How Apple Company Would be Affected by the Innovations Digital innovation has revolutionized Apple Company and has enabled it to be amongst the best in the world. Each company today ought to be alert when it comes to issues of technology; Apple Company not an exceptional to this aspect. Digital innovation in the world of manufacturing of mobiles and the tablets began with Apple Company and gradually became adopted in the other industries.(Trott, 2008) The company has worked hard to make sure that the aspect of digital innovation can clearly fit on the processes and procedure of this company. Nonetheless, with the new adaptation of the new technology of digital innovation in the company, the team members have aligned themselves to enable this technology is taken ahead as desired by the technical experts. Therefore, employees ought to undergo a test of their technical strengths to know where each can suit well. How Innovation could Influence the Apple Company Products and Product Lifecycle. Innovation entails coming up with something new, and Apple Company has come up with the better innovation of products that are better than the competitors(Trott, 2008). The company is willing to take the risks to achieving their goals. The digital innovation has seen the company producing the best products that are getting a tremendous reception in the market. The company has made significantly huge profits that have come from the sales of their products. All their products have passed a good enough point throughout the years and have been widely being accepted by the consumers. (Prahalad and Ramaswamy, 2003)On the product life cycle has been an impact in that every time they are coming up with the innovation of their products to provide the customers new products with additional features and to have a competitive advantage over the other organizations. The aspect of the product cycle has been used successfully and has made the marketers of the product to assume that there is only on e trajectory for the successful products Apple organization has produced. Conclusion The digital innovation has revolutionized the way the organization is carrying business in this era. Apple Company has ventured on the digital innovation on the products they provide the consumer to have the experience of their time through a friendly interface on the applications. Digital innovation has also caused both positive and adverse effects on the organization. On the positive has enabled growth of the products of the group. On the negative, they may face problems especially on outsourcing services of competencies they do not have and the best company to outsource on the process of production without compromising the quality. On this paper, it has elaborated on the effects of the digital innovation on this endeavor, the SWOT analysis to identify the digital innovation they have, the impact of the change on the organization and the product. References Amita, R. and Zott, C, 2012. Creating vialue through business model innovation. MIT Sloan Management Review, pp. 53(3), p.41. Engardio, P., Einhorn, B., Kripalani, M., Reinhardt, A., Nussabaum, B. and Burrows, P, 2005. Outsourcing Innovation. Prahalad, C.K. and Ramaswamy, V, 2003. The new frontier of experience innovation. MIT slogan management review, pp. 44(4), pp.12-18. Selander, L., Hernfridsson, O. and Svahn, F, 2010. Transforming Ecosystem Relationship in Digital Innovation. ICIS, p. 138. Trott, P., 2008. Innovation management and new product development. s.l.: Pearson education. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-8514158975598338002019-11-28T13:20:00.001-08:002019-11-28T13:20:07.288-08:00King Richard 1 Essays - House Of Plantagenet, House Of Anjou King Richard 1 My report is on Richard I, byname Richard the Lion-Hearted. He was born September 8, 1157 in Oxford, England. He died on April 6, 1199 in Chalus, England. His knightly manner and his prowess in the Third Crusade(1189-92) made him a popular king in his own time, as well as the hero of countless romantic legends. He has been viewed less kindly by more recent historians and scholars. Richard was the third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and he was given the duchy of Aquitaine, his mother's inheritance, at the age of 11 and was enthroned as duke at Poitiers in 1172. Richard possessed precocious political and military ability, he won fame for his knightly prowess, and quickly learned how to control the turbulent aristocracy of Poitou and Gascony. Like all Henry II's legitimate sons, Richard had no filial piety, foresight, or sense of responsibility. He joined his brothers in the great rebellion(1173-74)against his father, who invaded Aquistaine twice before Richard submitted and received pardon. Thereafter, Richard was occupied with suppressing baronial revolts in his own duchy. His harshness infuriated the Gascons, who revolted in 1183 and called in the help of the ?Young King? Henry and his brother, Geoffrey of Brittany, in an effort to drive Richard from his duchy altogether. Alarmed at the threatened disintegration of his empire, Henry II brought the feudal host of his continental lands to Richard's aid, but the younger Henry died suddenly(June 11, 1183)and the uprising collapsed. Richard was now heir to England, and to Normandy and Anjou, and his father wished him to yield Aquitaine to his youngest brother, John. But Richard, a true southerner, would not surrender the duchy in which he had grown up. Richard received Normandy on July 20, and the English throne on September 30. Richard, unlike Philip, had only one ambition, to lead the crusade prompted by Saladin's capture of Jerusalem in 1187. He had no conception of planning for the future of the English monarchy, and put up everything for sale to buy arms for the crusade. Yet he had not become king to preside over the dismemberment of the Angevin Empire. He broke with Philip and didn't neglect Angevin defenses on the Continent. Open war was averted only because Philip also took the cross. Richard dipped deep into his father's treasure and sold sheriffdoms and other offices. With all this, he raised a formidable fleet and an army, and in 1190 he departed for the Holy Land, traveling through Sicily. Richard found the Sicilians hostile, and took Messina by storm(October 4). To prevent the German Emperor Henry VI from ruling their country, the Sicilians had elected the native, Tancred of Lecce, who had imprisoned the late king's wife, Joan of England(Richard's sister), and denied her possession of her dower. By the Treaty of Messina, Richard obtained for Joan her release and her dower, acknowledged Tancred as king of Sicily, declared Arthur of Brittany(Richard's nephew)to be his own heir, and provided for Arthur to marry Tancred's daughter. This treaty infuriated the Germans, who were also taking part in the Third Crusade, and it incited Richard's brother, John, to treachery and rebellion. Richard joined the other crusaders at Acre on June 8, 1191, conquered Cyprus on his way there. While at Limassol in Cyprus, Richard married(May 12)Berengaria of Navarre. Acre fell in July 1191, and on September 7, Richard's brilliant victory at Arsuf put the crusaders in possession of Joppa. Twice Richard led his forces to within o few miles of Jerusalem. But the recapture of the city, which constituted the chief aim of the Third Crusade, eluded him. There were fierce quarrels among the French, German, and English contingents. Richard insulted Leopold V, duke of Austria, by tearing down his banner and quarreled with Philip Augustus, who returned to France after the fall of Acre. Richard's candidate for the crown of Jerusalem was his vassal, Guy de Lusignan, whom he supported against the German candidate, Conrad of Montferrat. It was rumored, unjustly, that Richard connived at Conrad's murder. After a year's unproductive skirmishing, Richard(September 1192)made a truce for three years with Saladin that permitted the crusaders to hold Acre and a thin coastal strip, and gave Christian pilgrims free access to the holy places. Richard sailed home by way of the Adriatic, because of French hostility, and a storm, drove his ship ashore near Venice. Because of the enmity of Duke Leopold, he disguised himself only to Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-2786520227666266212019-11-24T20:54:00.001-08:002019-11-24T20:54:05.854-08:00Kant Immanuel essaysKant Immanuel essays In his publication, Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant supplies his readers with a thesis that claims morality can be derived from the principle of the categorical imperative. The strongest argument to support his thesis is the difference between actions in accordance with duty and actions in accordance from duty. To setup his thesis, Kant first draws a distinction between empirical and a priori concepts. Empirical concepts are ideas we reach from our experiences in the world. On the other hand and in contrast, a priori concepts are ideas we reach as an end point of reasoning prior to or apart from any experience of how things occur in the world. Kant then claims that moral actions are supposed done for the reason of morality alone. This train of thought leads to the conclusion that an understanding of morality must be based on a priori concepts of reason. Truly moral ideas are then universally valid if and only if they are based on a priori concepts. From this idea of a priori concepts, Kant begins his thesis with the notion that the only thing in the world that is a qualified good is the good will, even if its efforts bring about a not necessarily good result. A good will is good because of the willing that is involved. Two main implications arise with this idea of the good will. The first implication is moral actions cannot have impure motivations. There are many impure motivations but Kant tends to focus mainly on the motives of the pursuit of happiness and self-preservation. Second, moral actions cannot be based on the speculations of the probable results. This action is not good in itself but good because it brought about a more desirable outcome. Thus, Kant arrives at the conclusion that for an action to be considered to have genuine moral worth its motive must be that of dutifulness to moral law.... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-43235396927699599732019-11-21T08:13:00.001-08:002019-11-21T08:13:04.076-08:00Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4Operations Management - Essay Example Here I want to thanks my parents as well for all their prayers and support. By, Department of Project Management, Faculty of Management Sciences _____________________________________________ Dated: 26-04-2013 Contents Introduction 4 Background of Coca Cola 5 Histogram 7 In statistics, a histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of data. It is an estimate of the probability distribution of a continuous variable and was first introduced by Karl Pearson. A histogram in a representation of tabulated frequencies, shown as adjacent rectangles, erected over discrete intervals (bins), with an area equal to the frequency of the observations in the interval. The height of a rectangle is also equal to the frequency density of the interval, i.e., the frequency divided by the width of the interval. The total area of the histogram is equal to the number of data. 7 Value Chain Analysis of Coca Cola and Histogram 7 Conclusion 10 References 11 Introduction Organizations have been ma de to earn economic profit. The essence of profit maximization is very important from the standpoint of the organizations that is why the entities have to undertake effective long term strategies to expand the revenue recognition of the firm (Andrew & Collingwood, 2005, PP. 98). Organizations have been around the strategies and long term benefits, that is why the organizations have to keep a certain check and balance over its strategies merely for their long run growth. Operations management is an area of management concerned with overseeing, designing, and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods and/or services (Andrew & Collingwood, 2005, PP. 111). It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient in terms of using as few resources as needed, and effective in terms of meeting customer requirements (Andrew & Collingwood, 2005, PP. 95). It is concerned with managing the process that converts inputs (in the forms of materials, labor, and energy) into outputs (in the form of goods and/or services). The relationship of operations management to senior management in commercial contexts can be compared to the relationship of line officers to highest-level senior officers in military science. The highest-level officers shape the strategy and revise it over time, while the line officers make tactical decisions in support of carrying out the strategy. In business as in military affairs, the boundaries between levels are not always distinct; tactical information dynamically informs strategy, and individual people often move between roles over time (Andrew & Collingwood, 2005, PP 102). The entire world has been moving with a lightning speed and the stance of globalization is on its peak, in which any small effect on anything has an ultimate effect over the other things as well. Organizations have to take numerous strategies into account to sustain in the competitive environment. The competition stance has also increased due to the level of globalization, which enables the companies to undertake effective operating strategies as far as their long run growth is concerned. There is different analysis which an organization performs to assess the loopholes within its operations (Berry, 2001, PP. 52). Among different analysis Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-21677010814521065322019-11-20T11:06:00.001-08:002019-11-20T11:06:04.521-08:004 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words4 - Assignment Example It is unethical to gamble with human life regardless of race, gender or social status for the sake of economic prosperity. Furthermore, this drug was banned in the US and Europe as it was responsible for massive liver damages. b. It is unethical to test drugs on children during the time of emergency. That is gambling with human life which is against the human rights. Chances are that the drug may destroy immune systems of the patients and lead to a high number of casualties. Lack of proper health care in developing countries does not mean that these people are lesser beings or are immune to toxins; this should not be an excuse. 2) Since hiring the child would be unlawful, the executive may opt to take care of the child by himself or look for a guardian locally or overseas. There are many people who would be willing to help the child to meet her daily needs. However, if the guardians are unwilling to live with her, then she may be taken to an orphanage. 3) a. Look at the oil excavation from two perspectives, the good side of it and the bad side. Think about the effect on the environs and the people. When the good outweigh the bad, then you can proceed. However, if there is any form of doubt safely etched at the deepest parts of your hearts, then abandoning such a task would be the plausible thing to do. b. Outsourcing may or may not a companyââ¬â¢s best bet. However, outsourcing would be the best option when a company needs to speed up the production process and increase the quality of their output. Division of labor ensures that parties partake on tasks that best fit them. 4) It would be ethical to outsource the production process to developing countries when the company is facing the problem of the high cost of production and low sales returns. The most reasonable thing to do would be to look for cheaper labor even if it means job cuts for employees in the mother country. Failure to do so would lead to losses Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-12876354238815699672019-11-18T04:32:00.001-08:002019-11-18T04:32:03.960-08:00Edit the Actual CV to be Oriented according to the Instructions Personal StatementEdit the Actual CV to be Oriented according to the Instructions - Personal Statement Example eted financial structures and products within accounting, client service, budgeting, and project management, financial both nationally and internationally. MBA degree holder from UNAH San Pedro Sula Honduras, and is currently pursuing Doctorate degree in Business and administration from Help University. My responsibilities demonstrate accounting expertise in taxation activities like assessable income, capital gains, and deduction and substantiation and preparation and completion of internal control systems for preparation of final statements. In addition, my strong analytical skills have enhanced my role in budgeting particularly during internal audits such that all operations remain within budget and are in accordance to financial regulations and practices. For financial analysis and management roles, I have carefully analyzed different financial information for provision of direction and support, optimal funds utilization, identifying recommendations, and guaranteeing that all operations are within the required budget. I am an accomplished project manager with demonstrated competent ability to lead projects to triumphant ends, coach and mentor other team members to develop their project management skills and allowing them to manage parts of the project. My experience in multinati onal organizations have enabled me to manage and lead numerous cross-sectional teams to represent all organizational interest in a system, product, or service as a means of vast communication, easy alignment, and building better products. Managed by oversee the implementation of a new asset management control of all asset management operations according to IPSAS , to guarantee support of control and best practice, effective internal controls and procedures, and proactive approach to meet costs while sharing best practices, regulations and requirements to be applied in operations. Developed and implemented a coaching programs and tools for my team focusing on timely and efficient Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4111392356763533257.post-6540737968367428972019-11-15T17:03:00.001-08:002019-11-15T17:03:08.305-08:00Major Challenges Facing Youth In Developing Economies Economics EssayMajor Challenges Facing Youth In Developing Economies Economics Essay ABSTRACT The challenge of keeping youths engaged meaningfully has been a major concern of governments in the developing nations. This paper x-rays the major challenges facing youths apart from unemployment. These include but not limited to inequality, corruption, poverty, cultism, human trafficking, emigration, drug addiction and trafficking as well as (HIV/AIDS) endemic. The authors stressed the need to encourage youths to engage in entrepreneurship undertakings and further highlighted the benefits of youth self reliant such as development of entrepreneurial and managerial skills, evenly distribution of national wealth, exploitation of untapped industrial opportunities, moderation of rural-urban migration, high value added to the economy, promotion of indigenous technology, and improvement in balance of trade. Hence, the authors recommended institutional support for youth self reliance; inclusion of entrepreneurship studies in high school and undergraduate curricula; tax incentives to young entrepreneurs; and financing of sporting activities to check social vices among youth. Key words: Youth;; Self Reliance Programmes; Unemployment ; Developing Economy 1.0 Introduction According to the projection of the United Nations Population Division (UNDP, 1993), currently young people between ages 15-24 constitute 18 percent of worlds population at 1.1 billion and the world is very close to reach the peak of historically highest youth population (Lam, 2007). These young people, across the globe, especially in developing countries, where the population density and growth is also highest, face unprecedented challenges in their capacity to access public resources and family resources, stemmed from waves of cultural and economic globalization. Most critical issues for youth development are poverty, health practices, gender biases, education, employment, social responsibilities and good citizenship, juvenile delinquency etc (World Youth Report, 2003). Demand of skilled workers in the knowledge economy has created hindrance for a large portion of world youth, especially in developing countries, where higher education system has not been able to realize sufficient value addition in terms of enhancing the employability in the new age labor market. A staggering 400 million young people around the world are unable to find decent work. Worthy of note is that, todays youth find themselves in an era, where for the first time in the modern civilization, purely economic value of higher education has reached an unprecedented low proportion. Shariff (1998) observed that adults engaged in self employment more than the youth, especially in developed countries. This is notable in countries whose economic growth rate is slow or stagnant. He observed further that self employment is much more appreciated among Sub-Sahara African than in other countries of the world. The youth are a major source of human capital and key agents for socio cultural, economic, and political development as well as technological innovation worldwide. Their imaginations, ideas, energies and visions are essential for the continuing development of societies. Their training, development, intellectual perspectives and productive abilities are key determinants of the progress and future of societies. To capture the significance of youth in the economic development process, Central Bank of Nigerias governor notes in 2011 that the current economic development efforts will not amount to anything if the youth who are the real economic agent are not part of the economic transformation. He notes further that robust economic growth will only be achieved if the youth are adequately empowered, which is the only path to sustainable economic development. 2.0 Conceptual clarification 2.1 Youth. There is hardly any universally acceptable definition of youth. Youthfulness need not be exclusively determined by age. Other factors, like economic, cultural and environmental conditions may be equally important in defining youth. The continuing debate on who is a youth has not resolved the confusion surrounding the concept. In many African countries, laws define adulthood as commencing from age of 21, although recently, there have been attempts to lower the age to 18 years (Curtain, 2000). Sociologically, youth denotes an interface between childhood and adulthood. Youth, as a social group are defined in terms of age. Hence, the majority of youth has been variously defined as ranging from the ages of 10-11 years to 35 years. The United Nations Organisation (UNO) has come up with a specification of age bracket 15-24 years as youth, while the Commonwealth uses the age category of 15-29 years. For the purpose of this paper, youth is defined as young women and men who fall wi thin the age bracket of 15 35 years. Furthermore, anyone who is acknowledged by deed as identifying with and committed to youth development may be recognised as youth. It has been recognised the world over that youth constitute the most important human resource potential that can contribute significantly to the overall development of a nation. The youth constitute the driving force of society, the spirit of today and the hope for the future. In addition, youth constitute the largest segment, they are also the most socially active and productive sector. The educational system has not adequately equipped young people with the relevant skills, knowledge and cultural values needed to face the challenges of after school life. As a result, young people cannot find placement in the white-collar job market; neither are they able to create economic opportunities for themselves in the informal sector. There is therefore the need to relate the educational system to the job market. United Nations Organisation (1995: 11) therefore notes in that: Young people in all countries are both a major human resource for development and key agents for social change, economic development and technological innovation. Their imaginations, ideas, considerable energies and visions are essential for the continuing development of the societies in which they live. The problems that young people face as well as their visions and aspirations are essential components of the challenges and prospects of todays societies and future generations Mobilizing the creativity and passion of young men and women, and recognizing the unique perspective of youth on their current and future needs are quickly becoming national and international priorities. Globally, youth are eager to contribute their quota through investment of their energies in the socio-economic development of the societies. In addition, they desire to be absorbed into socio-economic system in order to change the old order. In terms of sheer numbers, youth represent a significant portion of the global community. Today, approximately 20 per cent of the worlds population is in the 15 to 24 age group, and in many developing countries this group will soon constitute 50 per cent of the population. In addition, 60 per cent of the worlds youth population, or over 600 million young people, reside in the Asia-Pacific region (Kenyon, 1998). Linked directly to these figures is the growing recognition of the importance of youth development at both the national, regional and international levels. Youth constitute a unique group within society. While they are often considered one of the most vulnerable groups within the social fabric, they are also regarded as the greatest source of hope for the nations future. Youth represent a significant portion of the worlds population: it is estimated that the global youth population in 1995 was over 1 billion and comprised 18 per cent of the worlds population, of whom 84 per cent lived in developing countries. Those under the age of 30 could form as much as 55 per cent of the worlds population by the year 2005. In the least-developed countries of the world, the figure is closer to 70 per cent. (Kenyon, 1998) 2.2 Self Reliance. The concept of self reliance is located centrally within the discourse of community development and is connected to related concepts like self-help, independence, mutual-help, indigenous participation and rural development. It advocates the need for people to improve their condition using local initiatives and resources in their own hands. The concept is fast being accepted as a new formula for community development because of its widespread acceptance in the development planning of most African countries. The concept of self-reliance has the tendency to give greater stimulus and cohesiveness to community development in these countries (Anyanwu, 1992). According Fonchingong Fonjong (2003), self-reliance is situated within the discourse of community development and is connected to related concepts like self-help, mutual help, indigenous participation and rural development. It champions the need for people to better their lots using local strategies and resources at their disposal. The definition assumes that youth use the resources at their disposal to proffer solutions to the challenges peculiar to their group and confronting them persistently. They also want to realize their dreams and be at the fore front of developing the communities. Anyanwu (1992) contends that in most African countries, community development has depended significantly on voluntary cooperative efforts. This follows a traditional trait that clearly underscores the virtue of self-reliance. This explains the emerging trend in community development, which sees it as an important point of take-off for better living. The emphasis is to involve groups of people in planned programmes from which they may gain skills that will enable them to cope more successfully with the problems of their everyday lives. Self-reliance is thus development on the basis of a countrys (regions) own resources, involving its populations based on the potentials of its cultural values and traditions (Galtung, 1980). Communities and individual people define their own development according to their own needs, values and aspirations (Preiswerk, 1980). Local-level development provides a major force in activating the utilization of local resources (land, water, labour) and therefore constitutes one of the most effective methods of promoting peoples participation in determining their own development. The needs for local alternatives and self-reliance have been voiced in more explicit terms by other scholars. For example, Brett (1988) has called for cooperative and voluntary alternatives, while Sandbrook (1985) has emphasized the need for small-scale community solutions. In its fundamental sense, self-reliance is defined as a state of mind that regards ones own mental and material resources as the primary stock to draw on in the pursuit of ones objectives, and finds emotional fulfillment not only in achieving the objectives but of having achieved them primarily by using ones own resources. 2.3 Unemployment. Unemployment is a social issue that every nation deals with regularly. Even the most advanced economies still battle with the issue of unemployment. In fact the classical economists averred that there can never be a situation of total employment in any economy. However, responsible governments must strive at all times to keep unemployment rate as low as possible. According to Fajana (2000), unemployment is a state of worklessness/idleness experienced by persons who as members of the labour force perceive themselves are perceived by others as capable of work. Unemployment is a situation where those who are willing and able to work cannot find full employment or even if it is partial employment. The unemployment situation in Nigeria is unsettling. Statistic shows that almost 75% of those who are able and willing to work cannot find gainful employment, especially among young graduate/school leavers. Fajana (2000) categorizes unemployment into six namely structural, frictional, seasonal, cyclical, residual, and technological. Types of Unemployment S/N Name Cause 1. Structural This occurs when there is a change in the structure of an industry or economic activities of the country. Change in taste, change in technology, change in demand are some of the types of changes that may occur. It is mostly found in Asia and Africa. In other words, it occurs due to mismatch between the demand for labour and the ability of the workers. 2. Frictional The unemployed may remain so on account of shortage of raw materials, or mechanical defects in working plants. Therefore, the better the economy is doing, the lower the chances of this type of unemployment occurring. 3. Seasonal This is due to seasonal variations in the activities of particular industries caused by climatic changes, changes in fashions or by the inherent nature of such industries. In the tropical region, ice factories are less active in rainy season because of low demand for ice. 4. Cyclical This is otherwise known as Keynesian unemployment or demand deficient unemployment which is due to the operation of the business cycle. This arises at a time when the aggregate effective commodity demand falls below the full employment level of output. 5. Residual This is caused by personal factors such as old age, physical or mental disability, poor work attitudes and inadequate training. 6. Technological This is caused by changes in techniques of production. Source: Fajana, S. (2000) Functioning of Nigerian Labour Market, Lagos: Labofin and company 3.0 Major Challenges facing Youth in developing economies The declining growth and economic restructuring has worsened the employment situation among the youth in most of the developing countries and most especially in Africa. Youth unemployment has increasingly come to be as one of the most serious socio-economic problems currently confronting many developing countries. It is difficult to provide accurate statistics of youth unemployment in developing countries in general and Africa in particular, as available estimates of world unemployment face the conceptual limitation. Nonetheless, existing estimates indicate that in Sub-Saharan Africa, urban unemployment affects between 15 to 20 percent of the workforce (ILO, 2005). According to this estimates, young people comprise 40 to 75 percent of the total number of unemployed. Source: National Bureau of Statistics (2010) According to Awogbenle and Iwuamadi (2010), the statistics from the Manpower Board and the Federal Bureau of Statistics showed that Nigeria has a youth population of 80 million, representing 60% of the total population of the country. Also, 64 million of them are unemployed, while 1.6 million are under-employed. The 1990-2000 data on youth unemployment indicated that secondary school graduates constituted the largest group of the unemployed. There is also 40% of the unemployment rate is among urban youth aged 20 24 and 31% of the rate is among those aged 15-19. Furthermore, two-thirds of the urban unemployed are ranged from 15-24 years old. Curiously, the educated unemployed tended to be young males with few dependents. Awogbenle and Iwuandi also observed that that there is no consistent trend ofà unemployment rates in Nigeria. An increase in one or two years is sometimes followed by a decline in the subsequent years. Table 1: Nigeria Unemployment Rates by Age Group and Sex S/N Age Group Unemployment Rate 1. 15-24 41.6 2. 25-44 17 3. 45-49 11.5 4. 60-64 16.7 Gender Analysis 1. Male 17 2. Female 23.3 Source: Ruhl, O. (2009) Nigerias Youth: Turning Challenge into Opportunity. World Bank Statistics on Youth Unemployment, March, 2009. Table 2: Table Youth Unemployment Rate in Nigeria 2000-2011 S/N Year Rate 1. 2000 31.1 2. 2001 13.6 3. 2002 12.6 4. 2003 14.8 5. 2004 13.4 6. 2005 11.9 7. 2006 13.7 8. 2007 14.6 9. 2008 14.9 10. 2009 19.7 11. 2010 41.6 12. 2011 23.9 Source: National Bureau of Statistics (2011) According to Abdullahi (2012), the Nigerian Minister of Sports, out of Nigerias 150 million population, 40 million are unemployed. As 45% of the population is between the ages of 15 to 40 years, this means unemployment mainly affects the youth. He revealed that the alarming situation has socio-economic implications considering the fact that Nigeria has 45% of the jobless population are between the ages of 15-40 years and due to the extremely low life expectancy of 45 years, only 3% of Nigerians manage to reach the ages of 60 and above. Nigerian youth are therefore the hardest hit by the menace of unemployment. Hence, the increase rate of kidnapping, youth unrest and most significantly, an extremely unstable social economic structure that has hitherto been bedeviling Nigeria. The percentage of unemployed labour force is disheartening not to mention rate of unemployment among youth. Apart from the figures released early this year by the National Bureau of Statistics, which puts unemployment rate in 2011 at 29.3 per cent, the situation has over the years grown from bad to worse. From 2000 until 2011, the unemployment rate averaged 18.82 per cent, reaching an all time high of 23.90 per cent in December of 2011 representing about 20.3 million Nigerian youth who are currently unemployed. The situation is compounded daily as institutions of higher learning churn out fresh graduates to add to the already saturated labour market. The percentage would have been higher save for the governments efforts to reduce the unemployment rate among graduates from the nations universities through various programmes such as National Directorate of Employment (NDE), National Poverty Alleviation Programme (NAPEP), Youth Enterprise With Newà Innovation in Nigeria (YOUWIN) to m ention but a few. Some identifiable factors causing youth unemployment in Nigeria these include but not limited to: Ineffective mechanisms for overcoming the challenges of cyclical and structural youth (18 to 24 years) unemployment in Nigeria and to alleviate poverty at all levels of governance. Going by the 2006 census in Nigeria, the nations population was put at140,431,790 and projections for the future indicate that the population could be over 180 million by the year 2020,given the annual growth rate of 3.2 percent (National Population Commission and ICF Macro, 2009:3). Rapid population growth is another major factor causing youth unemployment. Dysfunctional educational system in curricula-structure does not promote youth entrepreneurship, innovative skills and virile apprenticeship schemes. Instead, most graduates of Nigerian education system lack basic skills with which to enter into labour market. Most graduates leave university with the thinking that they must seek employment in large organisations. Most functionaries in public and private sectors are largely bereft of ideas of blending education, training and learning for resolving youth unemployment menace. This is why most government programmes are yet to achieve the desired results of reducing youth unemployment. Corruption has been the bane of development in Nigeria and it has impacted negatively in the industrialisation process initiated by successive governments. It has attained an endemic level with public office holders paying lip service to its eradication because they are part of the beneficiaries. Poverty of political commitment towards youth empowerment and innovative approaches at local, state and federal levels is another cause of youth unemployment. There are no verifiable statistics of actual labour shortages, employment, under-employment and vacancies analyses that can guide national planning. In addition, in Nigeria loanable funds that youth can draw from to invest are not accessible. Although, government, banks and other financial institutions would tell you that funds are available for entrepreneurship adventure. Accessing the funds has not been easy. Figure 2: Spiraling Generalà Unemploymentà Rate Growing at 16% per year à »Ã ¿http://www.doreopartners.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/spiraling_general_unemployment_rate.gif Source: National Bureau of Statistics (2010) Figure 3 : Youth Unemployment 3X General Unemployment http://www.doreopartners.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/youth_unemployment.gif Source: National Bureau of Statistics (2010) Apart from the major challenges of unemployment, inequality, corruption, poverty, cultism, human trafficking and emigration are other challenges facing developing economies, Nigeria inclusive. Despite Nigerias decades of development efforts, both the gap between the poor and the rich countries and the inequalities within states and nations have widened. Poverty simply means inadequacy of income to meet such basic needs as food, shelter, clothing, education, healthcare etc. Poverty leads to malnutrition, sickness, illiteracy, unemployment, low status of men and women, immorality, crime, and exposure to environmental risks, limited access to assets, social services, and political power. Unemployment and poverty lead to psychological disorders, depression, despondency, suicides and divorces. While relative poverty causes envy, jealousy and self-depreciation, mass unemployment and persistent poverty which could lead to socio-political unrest and revolution. Thus, unemployment, inequality and poverty have economic, social and political implications. 4.0 Significance of Youth Self Reliance There is an increased concern, nationally and internationally, for youth issues, responsibilities and rights and also widespread consensus on the invaluable role of youth in the development process. Yet youth are invariably victims of exclusion from governance, decision-making and development process, which impact negatively on their desires for self reliance and self realization. The Human Development Report (UNDP, 1993) echoes the need for people to participate in their own development, stressing that peoples participation is becoming the central issue in the face of current challenges facing the world for development. It is now widely accepted that there are many good reasons to promote self reliance among young people. Entrepreneurship undertakings are probably one the most effective means of making youth self reliant. While caution should be exercised so that entrepreneurship is not seen as a panacea for curing all societys social ills, many experts such as Curtain (2000) warn, it has a number of potential benefits. An obvious, and perhaps the most significant one, is that it creates employment for the young person who owns the business. Figure 4: Young working poor in selected countries (Estimates for youth and adult cohorts), in percentage Source: ILO, Global Employment Trends for Youth. Geneva, August, 2010. In addition to the above, youth self reliance (YSR) will achieve the under listed among developing economies. The indigenous entrepreneur and managerial skills needed to transform the economy are developed. Labour intensive industry is boosted by YSR, which helps government to achieve the employment and income distribution objective. Encouragement of youth to be self reliant enhances the exploitation of untapped industrial opportunities. The evenly distribution of wealth and regional economic balance objective of government is enhanced as the menace of rural/urban migration, which exacerbates urban congestion is checked. There is higher value added to the domestic economies thereby checking the dumping of products from developed in developing economies. Indigenous technology is promoted through youth self reliant programmes. The above will definitely improve the balance of trade and payment of the developing economies as well as strengthening the local currency coupled with the benefit of promoting exportation and preventing over reliance on a single commodity to earn foreign exchange. Over dependency on oil revenue has been the bane of industrialization in Nigeria. 5.0 Recommendations Conclusion In line with the above observations, it is recommended that youth entrepreneurship programmes should be made compulsory right from the secondary school. More so, curricula in the higher institutions should be redesigned to capture the current reality of producing job creators and not job seekers. There should also be institutional support for youth entrepreneurship programmes at all tiers of government; local, state, and federal. Cheap funds made available and accessible to interested young entrepreneurs is a necessity for the development of self reliant programmes among youth. Data on youth unemployment are not accessible, if they are available. Many of the policy makers are not equipped with facts and figures. Many a times, they rely on sources that are not reliable in formulating policies and taking decisions relating to youth empowerment. Government institutions should equip to collate data frequently and make them accessible at any point in time. If there are authentic data, planning and paying social security of not less than fifty thousand naira ((#50) should not be difficult considering the amount of financial resources being wasted public office holders. The prevailing harsh economic environment in Nigeria is a disincentive to any interested young entrepreneurs and so should be made conducive as much as possible. For example multiple taxation should be eliminated through the harmonization of tax system in the country. Infrastructure facilities are abysmal failure, especially the electricity around which modern industrialization and developmental strategy revolve. More than enough megawatts of electricity should be generated in the country. The appalling situation of electricity generation has turned many youth to criminals in Nigeria. Motivating youth to acquire technical skills should top the priority of any government, Nigeria not exempted. Apart from free tuition, graduates of technical colleges should be absolved into the government service and or private organisations. Able and willing youth should be encouraged to contribute their quota to national economic development efforts. Security of lives and properties must be guaranteed in Nigeria. Governments efforts to woo foreign investors that will help to ignite the fire of economic revival will not yield any fruits if the issue of security is not addressed. There should be an increased youth and orphans self-reliance, self-discipline, social responsibility and spirit of adventure. Youth should be helped start income generating activities for their livelihoods to reduce dependency syndrome. Involvement of religious organisations in youth self reliance programmes should be encouraged. This is imperative in view of the fact that many of them have excess funds they can use since they do not pay tax. This will be counted as part of their social responsibility efforts to the society. Opportunities to acquire overseas training in form of exchange programmes among regional governments e.g. Economic Commission for West African States (ECOWAS) should be provided for youth after completing skill acquisition course. Suffice it to note that regional integration will be a great impetus for youth in countries which fall the same region. There is no doubt that Nigeria is blessed with abundant human and natural resources. The challenges facing the youth and related issues are very critical because of the emerging trend of youth unemployment, political and religious unrest. Hence, youth self reliant programmes should occupy the front burner of the federal, state, and local governments. Nigeria, arguably the most populous black nation in the world, needs sincere analysis of the current unemployment situation in the country as well as other challenges confronting the youth. The scientific analysis of this menace will lead to honest policy formulation, implementation, and monitoring of youth self reliant programmes which will eventually stem the tide of youth crimes and guarantee the future of the country. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17225936667183507745noreply@blogger.com0